Key Takeaways
- Nipping is a natural exploration tool: Puppies use their mouths to learn about their environment. Offer a variety of safe chew toys to satisfy this instinct and protect your belongings.
- Early training sets the stage for success: Teach your puppy bite inhibition from a young age through consistent redirection and positive reinforcement. This prevents nipping from becoming a problem later.
- Focus on rewarding good behavior: Positive reinforcement helps your puppy understand what you want. Reward them for chewing on appropriate items and engaging in calm play.
What does typical puppy nipping look like?
Puppies start teething around three to four months old. If you get your dog at the usual time from a breeder or rescue (around eight weeks old), this should be about a month or two after you first bring them home.
The teething process lasts into adolescence. Most dogs get their adult teeth between six to seven months of age. Until all those chompers are in place, you can expect your puppy to want to chew things even more than when you first picked them up. You might also notice some other symptoms of pain, like general frustration and sensitivity, as their baby teeth fall out to be replaced by larger molars and canines pushing through their gums.
Decoding Normal Dog Nipping
What does abnormal or concerning puppy nipping look like?
It’s worth consulting with a professional dog trainer if you notice your dog nipping:
- With tense body language that doesn’t seem playful.
- Without letting go or being able to refocus their attention. This is too much bite intensity. Serious fixation on certain objects could indicate burgeoning behavior or regulation problems.
- Their own body parts, especially if they start to rub their fur or skin raw.
Even normal puppy nipping can cause problems over time
While most nipping, mouthing, chewing, and otherwise wreaking havoc with their puppy teeth is completely natural for a growing dog, it can develop into a more serious problem if you don’t provide appropriate outlets and redirection before your puppy matures into an adult.
Dogs who don’t develop bite inhibition and self-control while growing up can become serious risks to the people, animals, and objects around them—even if their nipping never comes from a place other than playful curiosity.
Remember: Just because it’s cute when your ten-pound puppy tears into your kitchen towels or nibbles on your pant leg doesn’t mean it’ll be cute when they’re older. It’s important to start creating clear, fair boundaries from a young age to set you and your furry family member up for success!
We talk about the proper response to your puppy’s nipping later in this article. With a little patience, you’ll get through even the most painful bites.
The Importance of Bite Inhibition
Bite inhibition is one of the most important skills a puppy can learn. It’s the ability to control the force of their bite, understanding the difference between a playful nibble and a painful chomp. Think of it like this: even adult dogs use their mouths during play, but a well-trained dog knows how to “play-bite” without causing harm. They learn to inhibit their bite, applying just enough pressure to engage without hurting their playmate. This is especially important when playing with children or elderly family members who may have more sensitive skin.
Puppies develop bite inhibition naturally through interactions with their littermates and mother. When a puppy bites too hard during play, the other puppy will yelp and stop playing. This immediate feedback teaches the puppy that biting too hard has negative consequences. If a puppy doesn’t have these early socialization experiences, they may not develop proper bite inhibition, making training even more important, as explained by 24Petwatch. This is why it’s crucial to start working on bite inhibition as soon as you bring your new puppy home, especially if they were separated from their litter early. Finding opportunities for your puppy to socialize and play with other dogs can be incredibly beneficial for their development.
The goal of bite inhibition training isn’t to eliminate all mouthing behavior. Instead, it’s about teaching your puppy gentle interaction. You want them to understand that human skin is delicate and requires a much softer touch than playing with another dog. This understanding is essential for preventing accidental injuries and ensuring your puppy can safely interact with people of all ages. You can find dog parks near you using Sniffspot to help your pup socialize with other dogs.
Teaching bite inhibition early, as recommended by Pets Best, sets the foundation for a well-behaved adult dog. A dog with poor bite inhibition can pose a risk to others, even if they’re just being playful. As they grow bigger and stronger, those playful nips can become significantly more painful and potentially dangerous. By investing time in bite inhibition training now, you’re preventing problems down the road and ensuring your dog can live a happy, well-adjusted life. Remember, even if your puppy’s nipping seems harmless now, it’s always best to address it proactively. A little training goes a long way in building a strong, positive relationship with your furry friend. For additional support and guidance, consider connecting with qualified dog trainers who can provide personalized advice and training techniques.
Why do dogs nip?
Puppies and adult dogs chew for a number of reasons. Beyond knowing that most nipping is a normal part of exploring the new world around them, it’s also a good idea to ask what specific feelings might be inspiring your dog to bite. This can help you develop the most effective management and training plan to nip the unwanted behavior in the bud (dog pun fully intended).
Let’s take a look at a few reasons your puppy might be nipping!
Teething and Nipping
Puppies start teething around three to four months old. If you bring your dog home around eight weeks, the teething process will begin a month or two later. Teething lasts into adolescence, with most dogs getting their adult teeth between six and seven months of age. Until then, expect your puppy to want to chew on everything, even more so than when they first arrived, according to the ASPCA. Offering a variety of safe and appropriate chew toys can help soothe your puppy’s aching gums and redirect their chewing away from your hands and furniture.
Fear, Anxiety, and Trauma
Nipping isn’t always about play or teething; sometimes, it’s rooted in fear. Dogs may nip when scared or anxious, especially if they’ve experienced past trauma. A fearful dog might nip as a way of creating distance. If you think fear or anxiety is causing your puppy’s nipping, focus on building a safe, predictable environment. Consult a certified dog trainer or veterinary behaviorist. They can help you identify your dog’s triggers and create a training plan to address their anxieties.
Guarding Resources: Food, Toys, and People
Resource guarding—protecting valued possessions—can also lead to nipping. Whether it’s a favorite toy, a tasty bone, or even your attention, some dogs become possessive and may nip to defend what they see as theirs. Experts explain that nipping has many causes, including guarding instincts. Address resource guarding early on by working with a professional dog trainer. They can teach your puppy appropriate sharing and resource management skills.
Nipping Due to Surprise or Startle
Like humans, dogs can get startled. A sudden noise, an unexpected touch, or a quick movement can trigger a surprise nip. This type of nipping is often unintentional, more of a reflex than aggression. Nipping can be accidental, and understanding this helps prevent these situations. Be mindful of your puppy’s surroundings and avoid startling them. If you anticipate a potentially startling event (like a loud noise), distract your puppy with a toy or treat.
Pain-Induced Nipping
If your adult dog suddenly starts nipping, pain might be the cause. An undiagnosed injury or illness can make dogs irritable and prone to nipping. Sudden nipping in adult dogs can indicate underlying health problems. If your dog’s behavior changes suddenly, including increased nipping, consult your veterinarian. Early diagnosis and treatment can alleviate your dog’s discomfort and reduce nipping.
Dogs often nip when they feel playful
It’s natural for domestic dogs to use their mouths when they play with other pets or people. If you’ve ever watched a game of “bitey face” take place at a local dog park or Sniffspot playdate, you know exactly what we’re talking about.
This mood can be a great opportunity for you to redirect your puppy’s energy to an appropriate toy.
Nipping can be a way to get attention
Aside from actually initiating a game, biting can be a great way for your dog to get attention, too.
Think about it: You’re relaxing on the couch after a long day of work. If your puppy lies quietly near you on the floor, it’s easy to pass them by. If they start chewing on your clothes or other household objects, though? Of course you’re going to step in!
If you think your puppy wants attention, consider if you’ve met their basic needs—including ample socialization for healthy development. You might provide extra play time or fun training activities to help them feel more fulfilled.
Dogs might nip when experiencing prey drive
Play and prey behavior have many similarities in the canine world. Some dogs absolutely love to chase moving things—like small critters, flirt pole toys, or even just your socks as you do chores about the house—and start showing this instinct at a young age. There’s a good chance your puppy’s nipping could be prey drive related if they’re chasing your feet or loose-hanging clothing. Jerky movements are especially tantalizing!
If your puppy is nipping out of prey drive, redirecting to a game can be a great way to satisfy their innate desire to chase and catch something.
Exploring with Their Mouths
Young puppies—and even adult dogs—naturally explore the world through their mouths. Think of your dog’s snout similar to how you think of your own hands. If your furry friend wants to investigate a new object, they have to grab it with their teeth! This is completely normal behavior, and it’s important to understand that it’s not necessarily a sign of aggression or a problem. For more insights into canine communication, check out this article on interpreting your dog’s body language.
Beyond simply grabbing things, dogs also have a highly developed sense of smell, and licking can enhance their understanding of the world around them. Licking might even help them figure out what’s safe to eat, a crucial skill for any dog, especially a curious puppy.
Puppies can get mouthy when overstimulated
Have you ever felt overwhelmed in a chaotic environment and not known what to do with yourself? Many humans resort to fidgeting with our keys or picking at our fingernails—but our dogs use their mouths to expel their extra energy.
Some puppies even get overstimulated simply from being pet too much at one time. (We know, this is a stereotype of cats, too.) If you’ve ever tried to pet a young dog but had them keep going for your fingers, that might be what’s happening.
If you think your puppy is showing mouthy behavior because they’re overstimulated, it’s a good idea to give them a break from any commotion and provide a safe chew toy for them to destress. Crate training can be particularly effective here!
Puppies chew when bored
On the flip side of being overstimulated: Puppies also often chew when bored. Think about being left completely to your own devices with pent-up energy. You’d look for something—anything—to do! Young dogs are the same way.
Thoughtful enrichment opportunities can go a long way in preventing boredom (and the associated problem behaviors) in your new family member. You can read more about enrichment in these articles!
Tired dogs can get extra mouthy
Puppies are, in many ways, a bit like human toddlers. Have you ever seen a baby throw a fit because they’re overtired? Your new dog might be nipping and chewing for the same reason! This is why it’s a great idea to enforce some consistent nap times to ensure your growing companion gets all the rest they need. (We know it sounds like a lot, but young puppies need up to 20 hours of sleep a day.)
Your puppy might nip when they’re uncomfortable
Finally, many adult dogs resort to an air snap or nip when they’re feeling uncomfortable—and puppies can do the same thing. Some young dogs might simply be in pain from the teething process and other changes their bodies are going through. Some might be nervous about certain types of handling.
Try to provide safe chews designed for teething and always get in touch with your vet if you’re nervous something isn’t quite right.
Teething Makes Puppies More Mouthy
As mentioned above, puppies start teething around three to four months old. Until all those chompers are in place, you can expect your puppy to want to chew things even more than when you first brought them home. A good chew toy can help soothe those aching gums!
Nipping Can Be a Fear or Anxiety Response
Dogs may nip to protect themselves if they are scared or anxious. This is a natural, protective instinct. If your dog displays other signs of fear or anxiety—like cowering, excessive barking, or destructive behavior—it’s important to address the underlying emotional issue. Separation anxiety is a common cause of nipping, as is a general lack of confidence. Creating positive associations with new people, places, and things through socialization can help prevent fear-based behaviors.
Nipping in Herding Breeds
Herding breeds, like Border Collies, Australian Shepherds, and Corgis, are known for their intelligence and energetic nature. They’re also predisposed to nipping—but not out of aggression. It’s ingrained in their DNA! These breeds were originally bred to herd livestock, and nipping at heels was a crucial part of their job. A gentle nip could encourage a stray sheep back to the flock. This instinct to nip can carry over into their interactions with humans, especially during play or when they’re feeling excited. They might nip at your feet as you walk or gently nip at your hands during a game of fetch. It’s important to remember that this behavior, while sometimes annoying, stems from their herding instincts and isn’t meant to be harmful. Learn more about why dogs nip.
So, how do you manage this breed-specific tendency? Early training and socialization are key. Expose your herding breed puppy to a variety of people, places, and situations from a young age. This helps them learn appropriate social behaviors and reduces the likelihood of nipping. This article on socializing your puppy offers helpful tips. Consistent training is also essential. Teach your dog commands like “leave it” and “drop it” to redirect their nipping behavior. When they start to nip, offer them a chew toy instead. Positive reinforcement, like praise and treats, can help them understand what behaviors are acceptable. Finding opportunities for your puppy to socialize and play with other dogs can be incredibly beneficial, and you can find dog parks near you using Sniffspot. Remember, managing nipping in herding breeds requires patience and understanding of their natural instincts.
Herding Instinct Can Lead to Nipping
Some breeds—like Border Collies and Australian Shepherds—may nip due to herding instincts. This behavior is often seen in herding dogs who are trying to “round up” their family members or other animals. Providing plenty of exercise and mental stimulation, including herding-specific activities, can help redirect this instinct.
Pain Can Cause Nipping
If your dog suddenly starts nipping more frequently or intensely, it could be a sign they are in pain. Pay attention to any other changes in your dog’s behavior, such as limping, whining, or changes in appetite, and consult with your veterinarian if you suspect a medical issue. Booking a visit to a safe, private dog park can help your dog get exercise even when they’re not feeling their best.
Resource Guarding Can Trigger Nipping
Nipping can stem from guarding instincts. Dogs may nip to protect their food, toys, or even their favorite people. It’s important to address resource guarding early on to prevent it from escalating into more serious aggression. Working with a certified dog trainer can help you safely manage this behavior.
Surprise or Startle Can Cause a Nip
Dogs may nip when surprised or startled as a reflexive response to sudden stimuli. This is especially common in puppies who are still learning about the world around them. Be mindful of your dog’s body language and avoid approaching them suddenly or making loud noises that could startle them. If your dog is easily startled, consider desensitization and counterconditioning training to help them become more comfortable with different stimuli.
Nipping in Adult Dogs: Is It a Health Issue?
While we often associate nipping with puppyhood, adult dogs can also exhibit this behavior. If your adult dog suddenly starts nipping, it’s crucial to consider potential underlying health issues. Pain can be a major trigger. Just like us, dogs experiencing discomfort might lash out. This nipping isn’t necessarily aggression, but a way of communicating their pain. Keep a close eye on accompanying signs like limping, whining, changes in appetite, or reluctance to engage in activities they normally enjoy. If you notice any of these changes, schedule a check-up with your veterinarian right away. Sometimes, even a visit to a safe, private dog park can reveal discomfort if your dog is hesitant to move or play normally.
Beyond physical pain, changes in behavior could also indicate cognitive decline, especially in senior dogs. Conditions like canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD), sometimes referred to as “doggy dementia,” can cause confusion and anxiety, leading to unexpected nipping. If your older dog seems disoriented, has trouble remembering routines, or exhibits increased anxiety, talk to your vet about the possibility of CCD or other age-related conditions. Early diagnosis and appropriate management can significantly improve your dog’s quality of life.
It’s important to remember that nipping can also stem from resource guarding instincts. Dogs might nip to protect their food, toys, or even their favorite people. This behavior can be triggered by underlying anxiety or insecurity. If your dog displays resource guarding tendencies, it’s wise to consult with a certified dog trainer or veterinary behaviorist. They can help you develop a safe and effective plan to address the underlying emotional issues and manage the behavior, preventing it from escalating into more serious aggression. Providing appropriate enrichment activities can also help reduce anxiety and promote a sense of security.
Nipping vs. Biting: What's the Difference?
Nipping and biting can be aggressive or non-aggressive, and it can be hard to tell the difference. Often, dogs who nip and bite are simply playing—but because they’re playing in a way that hurts, it’s likely they haven’t yet learned bite inhibition. A visit to a safe, enclosed dog park can give your pup a chance to practice appropriate play with other dogs.
While both actions involve teeth, there’s a key distinction. When a dog bites, they will grab on, pull, shake, and even tear at what they have. This can result in serious injuries. Nipping, on the other hand, involves putting teeth on skin, sometimes creating puncture wounds. Understanding this difference can help you better interpret your dog’s behavior and respond appropriately. If you’re unsure whether your dog’s behavior is playful or aggressive, consulting a certified dog trainer can provide valuable insights and guidance.
If your dog nips, try to understand why. Are they teething? Overstimulated? Bored? Redirecting your dog’s attention with engaging toys or treats during playtime can often prevent nipping. Providing a variety of chew toys can also help satisfy their natural urge to mouth and explore with their teeth. Remember, even playful nipping can be painful, so it’s important to teach your dog gentle interaction from a young age.
Does breed affect how likely dogs are to nip?
In short: Yes. (But stay skeptical of overgeneralizations.)
Be aware of your dog’s breed or breed mix when considering their biting behavior. While dogs of all breeds can show different behaviors—and dogs of all breeds can make fantastic pets—our ancestors specifically selected some dogs to have a stronger nipping instinct during the domestication process.
This is especially common in herding breeds. Australian Cattle Dogs, for example, are nicknamed “heelers” because they were originally developed to herd cattle by nipping at their feet. This is why professional trainers often don’t recommend them to families with young, fast-moving kids (despite the popularity of the adorable Bluey cartoon).
If you own one of these dogs, nipping might need to be managed for their entire life—even after they’ve reached full maturity. There’s nothing wrong with this! Your dog is simply acting on the instincts we bred into them over generations and generations. It would be unfair to expect them to resist the urge completely.
It’s important to provide these types of dogs with appropriate enrichment and outlets (urban herding is a great one) for these instincts will go a long way in making sure they aren’t nipping at you, family members, or even neighborhood children.
Related links:
How to stop your puppy from nipping
Don’t worry: We have training tips and lifestyle considerations to save yourself from the shark teeth.
Make sure you’re meeting your dog’s needs
Before you start any training plan, make sure you’re meeting your puppy’s basic needs. This ensures you’re being fair to them. Remember how difficult it can be for a canine to fit into our modern human world. They don’t automatically know what we find acceptable and what we don’t!
Give your pup things to chew on
Your puppy needs to chew. Providing safe, designated options—like rubbery puppy teething toys, natural bully sticks, and more—can keep them from using their teeth on the things they shouldn’t.
Make sure your pup gets enough activity
Puppies are generally bursting with energy. They cycle quickly through periods of chaos and calm, often crashing right where they were just playing a few seconds ago. While young dogs shouldn’t engage in regular strenuous activity—more on that in the below linked articles—you do need to make sure you’re giving them ample opportunities to move their bodies.
Learn more about exercising your dog:
Provide Plenty of Engaging Toys and Activities
Your puppy needs to chew. It’s a biological imperative! Providing safe, designated toys—like rubbery puppy teething toys, natural bully sticks, and more—can keep them from using their teeth on the things they shouldn’t. Try freezing toys or treats in a Kong to give your puppy a longer-lasting challenge and ease any discomfort from teething. You can also offer a variety of textures and materials to keep your puppy interested and engaged. Rotating toys regularly can also help prevent boredom and keep chewing focused on appropriate items.
Ensure Your Dog Gets Enough Rest
Puppies are, in many ways, a bit like human toddlers. Have you ever seen a baby throw a fit because they’re overtired? Your new dog might be nipping and chewing for the same reason! This is why it’s a great idea to enforce some consistent nap times to ensure your growing companion gets all the rest they need. (We know it sounds like a lot, but young puppies need up to 20 hours of sleep a day.) Crate training can be a helpful tool in establishing a predictable sleep schedule and providing a safe, quiet space for your puppy to rest and recharge.
Mange your puppy’s environment to minimize nipping
Once you’ve met your puppy’s basic needs, take some simple steps to manage your environment to help prevent them from unwanted nipping. You can do this by:
- Setting up a designated crate or pen (you can use a baby gate for this if you want to section off a larger room) as your dog’s calm, safe space. Equip it with a few safe chew toys and have them hang out in there when you’re unable to supervise. (You can read more about crate training your puppy in this article.)
- Keep any valuable objects out of your puppy’s reach. We know it can be annoying at first, but you won’t always have to put your shoes and jackets up high, we promise! Preventing your dog from chewing these things from the get go is just a great way to build healthy habits alongside fulfillment and active training.
- Pay attention to how you and your family move around your puppy. Dogs are far more motion sensitive than we are. It’s a deeply ingrained instinct to chase things that resemble prey! If you tend to dance your toes around while you cook in the kitchen or flex your fingers while you sit on the couch, your puppy might think it’s an invitation to jump in teeth first.
Stop play or interaction when your dog nips
Stopping your puppy’s play or petting time is especially effective if they’re nipping to ask for attention. This way you don’t give them what they want so their behavior isn’t reinforced. In the dog training world, this is referred to as “negative punishment” in technical operant conditioning terms. (You can learn more about these learning theory terms in our Dog Training 101 article.)
What you’re aiming for is to teach your puppy that biting you isn’t the best way to get your attention—but other behaviors are! Always pair negative punishment with positive reinforcement so you don’t leave your young dog feeling confused. Consider teaching your puppy to sit to “say please” and ask for pets instead, or to bring you a tug toy instead of latching onto your hands when they’re feeling rowdy.
Why Stopping Play Works
One of the most effective ways to curb puppy nipping is to immediately stop playing or interacting with them the moment they nip. This works especially well if your puppy is nipping for attention, as it teaches them that biting doesn’t get them what they want. This prevents reinforcing the behavior.
Think of it this way: if every time your puppy nips at your hand during a petting session, you yelp and pull your hand away, they learn that nipping equals the end of fun. Reacting immediately is key. A delayed response won’t be as effective, as puppies don’t connect actions and consequences as easily as adult dogs do.
This method, known as negative punishment in dog training terms, involves removing something desirable (your attention, playtime) to decrease an unwanted behavior (nipping). It’s important to pair negative punishment with positive reinforcement. Teaching your puppy alternative ways to get your attention and engage with you is crucial for success.
For example, teach your puppy to sit to ask for pets. When they sit politely, reward them with gentle petting and praise. If they’re feeling playful and mouthy, redirect their energy to a tug toy. This gives them an appropriate outlet for their chewing instincts while reinforcing that gentle play earns rewards.
Redirect your dog’s nipping behavior
This is the most important skill to improve your puppy’s nipping. Redirect them to a toy! It’s an especially good idea if your puppy is very young—it’s not fair to ask a baby to have very well developed impulse control yet—or if you think they haven’t been getting ample opportunities to play and express their instincts.
(Remember, nipping can be a valid form of communication. It might express an unmet need.)
When you redirect your dog’s biting, you:
- Show them something that is okay to chew on (like a toy) in place of what they’re trying to chew on (like your heel, the poor old family cat, or whatever else it might be).
- Refocus their attention completely, like by starting a fun training game (remember to keep things easy while your puppy’s brain grows). This helps them learn alternative behaviors to engage with you.
For best success, we recommend that you:
- Do not play with your puppy with just your hands. If your puppy tries to bite your fingers or arms to play, immediately grab a toy and play with the toy.
- Leave toys scattered around the house for this reason. That way there’s a nearby option to redirect your puppy’s attention whenever it’s necessary.
- Keep everyone in your household on the same page. If you’re all strict about only playing with toys, it can help so much. Nothing is more important than consistent training!
Teaching "Leave It"
“Leave it” is one of the most valuable cues you can teach your dog—and it’s surprisingly easy! Start by holding a treat in your closed fist. Let your puppy sniff and investigate, but don’t open your hand. When they finally back off or look away, even for a second, mark the behavior with a “yes!” or clicker and give them a different treat from your other hand. Repeat this process until your puppy consistently moves away from your closed fist when told to “leave it.”
Once they’ve mastered that, introduce other objects. Place a toy or treat on the floor and cover it with your hand. Give the “leave it” cue. Reward your puppy when they back off, just like before. Gradually increase the difficulty by uncovering the item for short periods, rewarding your puppy for not taking it. With consistent practice, your puppy will learn that “leave it” means to ignore tempting items. This cue can prevent them from picking up dangerous items on walks or getting into trouble at home. Early bite inhibition training sets the foundation for a well-behaved dog.
Using Treats to Redirect Attention
Keep yummy treats readily available. When your puppy starts nipping, say “leave it” and immediately offer a treat instead of your hand (or whatever they were targeting). Redirecting them to a toy also works well, especially with young puppies. This helps create positive associations. Over time, they’ll start looking to you for a treat instead of resorting to nipping.
Teaching with Verbal Cues
Use consistent verbal cues like “no” or a high-pitched “ouch” (like a puppy’s yelp) to communicate that nipping hurts. Consistent communication is key. Be firm but avoid yelling, which can scare your puppy. Clarity and consistency help your puppy understand what’s unacceptable.
Avoid Physical Punishment
Never use physical punishment. Avoid hitting or pushing your puppy away. This can damage your bond and potentially lead to fear-based aggression. Focus on positive reinforcement and redirection.
When to Seek Professional Help
If your puppy’s nipping is excessive, doesn’t improve with training, or seems aggressive, consult a professional. A certified dog trainer or veterinary behaviorist can assess the situation and provide personalized guidance. Don’t hesitate to seek help—it’s always better to be safe than sorry.
The Yelp Technique
When your puppy nips too hard, yelp “ouch!” in a high-pitched voice, mimicking a hurt puppy. This often startles them into stopping. It communicates that biting hurts in a language they understand.
Time-Outs: How Long and Do They Work?
If yelping doesn’t work, try short time-outs. When your puppy nips, calmly say “time out” and either leave the room or place them in their designated safe space (like a crate or pen) for 10–20 seconds. This teaches your puppy that nipping means losing your attention and playtime.
Distraction During Petting: The Treat Method
If your puppy nips during petting, try holding a treat in one hand while petting with the other. This keeps their focus on the treat and reduces nipping.
Non-Contact Games
Play non-contact games like fetch or tug-of-war with a rope toy. These games provide an outlet for energy and chewing without involving your hands directly.
Impulse Control Commands
Teach commands like “sit,” “wait,” and “leave it.” These commands build self-control and help your puppy resist the urge to nip. Start easy and gradually increase the difficulty.
Taste Deterrents and Breath Sprays: Use Carefully
As a last resort, consider taste deterrents or breath sprays designed for dogs. Use these cautiously and only as directed. Some dogs aren’t bothered by the taste, and it’s important to address the underlying cause of the nipping, not just mask it.
Teach the “Leave It” Command
Teaching your dog a reliable “leave it” cue can be a lifesaver in all sorts of situations—and managing puppy nipping is no exception. This command teaches your dog to ignore tempting things, including your hands, feet, or other body parts. A solid understanding of “leave it” can help manage nipping behavior, especially if your dog is biting out of excitement or prey drive. Start by teaching “leave it” with toys or low-value treats, then gradually work up to more tempting items. You can even incorporate this into your daily routine by asking your dog to “leave it” before putting down their food bowl.
Use Positive Reinforcement
Positive reinforcement is far more effective than punishment when it comes to dog training. Reward your dog when they exhibit appropriate behavior—like chewing on a toy instead of your hand—to encourage good habits. This can be anything from verbal praise and petting to small, tasty treats or a favorite toy. Positive reinforcement helps your puppy understand what you want them to do, which makes it much more effective than simply scolding them for unwanted behaviors.
Avoid Roughhousing and Overstimulation
Avoid roughhousing and other forms of stimulating play that can inadvertently encourage nipping. Games like tug-of-war or wrestling, while fun, can blur the lines for your puppy and make it harder for them to understand when using their mouth is appropriate. Instead, opt for calmer activities like gentle petting, basic obedience training, or puzzle toys that challenge their minds.
Give Your Dog a Break to Calm Down
If your dog is getting too excited or nippy, give them a break to settle down. If you notice your puppy getting overly aroused during play or interaction, calmly and quietly remove yourself from the situation. You can also redirect them to their crate or a quiet area with a chew toy to help them de-stress and relax. This teaches your puppy that calm behavior is rewarded with continued interaction.
Try Taste Deterrents (Last Resort)
As a last resort, consider using a taste deterrent spray to discourage nipping. This should only be used if other, more positive methods have failed. It’s important to choose a product that is safe for dogs and to always test it on a small area of your skin first to ensure it doesn’t cause any irritation. The goal is to create an unpleasant association with the act of nipping, not to punish your dog.
Consider Breath Spray (Last Resort)
Similar to taste deterrents, a quick squirt of breath spray can be used as a last resort if your dog continues to nip despite other training efforts. This should be done swiftly and without any struggle. Remember, the goal is to create a negative association with the behavior, not to frighten or hurt your dog.
Use Time-Outs
Implementing short time-outs when your dog nips can be an effective way to communicate that the behavior is unwanted. When your puppy nips, calmly and quietly remove yourself from the situation or gently guide them to a designated time-out area, such as their crate or a separate room. A minute or two is usually sufficient. This helps them understand that nipping leads to a pause in playtime or interaction.
Using Verbal Corrections
Another technique you can use to discourage nipping is to let out a high-pitched yelp or use a firm verbal correction like “Ouch!” or “No bite!” the moment your puppy’s teeth make contact. This mimics the sound a littermate would make if your puppy bit them too hard during play. It can startle them enough to stop the behavior. When your puppy stops nipping, even for a moment, praise them gently and offer a chew toy as a more appropriate outlet for their mouthing.
It’s important to note that while a yelp or verbal correction can be effective, it shouldn’t be overly loud or aggressive. The goal is to interrupt the behavior and redirect your puppy’s attention, not to frighten them. If your puppy seems genuinely scared or intimidated by your reaction, try softening your tone or simply removing yourself from the situation for a short break. Consistency is key with any training method, so stick with it and be patient. With a little time and effort, you can teach your puppy to play gently and appropriately.
Seek Professional Help for Persistent Nipping
If your dog’s nipping persists despite consistent training efforts, consult a professional dog trainer or certified applied animal behaviorist who uses positive reinforcement methods. They can assess your dog’s behavior, identify any underlying causes for the nipping, and provide personalized guidance and training strategies. A professional can also help you refine your current techniques and ensure you’re using the most effective methods for your individual dog.
Distract with Treats During Petting
If your puppy tends to nip during petting sessions, try distracting them with high-value treats. Offer them a treat in one hand while petting them with the other. This can help keep their mouth occupied and create a positive association with being petted. It also teaches them an alternative behavior to engage in when they feel the urge to nip.
Encourage Non-Contact Games Like Fetch
Playing non-contact games like fetch can be a great way to provide your puppy with an outlet for their energy while minimizing opportunities for nipping. These types of games reduce the temptation for mouthing and biting while still allowing your puppy to engage in fun and stimulating activities. Other non-contact games include hide-and-seek with toys or scent work activities, which can be mentally enriching as well.
Teach Impulse Control Commands
Teaching impulse control commands like “sit” and “stay” can significantly improve your dog’s ability to manage their impulses and reduce nipping. These commands teach your dog to focus and control their actions, which can be incredibly helpful in preventing impulsive nipping behavior. Practice these commands regularly in various situations to help your puppy generalize their skills and apply them in real-world scenarios.
What not to do when your dog nips
Punish your puppy
We know nipping is frustrating. It’s hard to be in pain! We’ve all experienced the first few horrible moments after stubbing a toe—and being bitten by a young, sharp-toothed dog can have a similar effect.
As difficult as it can be to control your response, nothing is more important than trying to keep control of your mood. Verbally punishing your puppy by yelling or using physical punishment like pushing them away will not solve your nipping problems. At best, your dog will think it’s a fun game and redouble their efforts. At worst? They’ll become afraid of you and feel unsafe, which sets the stage for behavioral problems down the line. No one wants to live with a companion who doesn’t trust them.
It’s important to meet your puppy’s needs and teach them what to do instead of simply showing them what not to do. Imagine how irritated you’d be if all your boss did was tell you that you were wrong! That’s no way to build a strong bond.
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